Burns can be caused by heat (i.e., scalding water or fire), chemicals(i.e., corrosives such as cleaning solvents), electrical shock, or radiation (i.e., such as a sunburn). the extent of the skin damaged is dependent on the length of exposure to the cause. As in humans, burns on dogs are broken down into degrees of severity:

First Degree Burns

A burn in which the skin is red and slightly swollen and painful.

Second Degree Burns

The burn is deeper and blistering is seen. These burns are extremely painful. Healing usually occurs around 21 days of the burn if it does not get infected.

Third Degree Burn

This is the worst of all burns. These burns go past the full layer of skin and into the tissues below the skin. They appeared charred, dry, and leathery. The hair easily comes out if pulled. Because these burns are so deep they usually destroy the nerve endings, and because of this, they are not usually as painful as second degree burns.

Mortality of Dogs From Burns:
If more than 50% of the dog's body surface is covered by 2nd degree burns, or if more than 30% is involved by 3rd degree burns, survival is unlikely.

Treatment:
All but minor burns require professional attention. Protect the burned area to prevent further injury by wrapping loose fitting damp gauze dressings and immediately go to your nearest emergency veterinary clinic. This is especially true if 3rd degree burns or extensive 2nd degree burns are involved because dogs with these kinds of burns are at greater risk for shock, fluid loss, and developing infections.

Small superficial burns involving less than 5% of the body surface can be treated at home. Apply cool compresses (Not ice packs) for 20 minutes to relieve pain and lessen the depth of the injury. Clip the coat over the burn and wash the skin gently with a surgical antiseptic (diluted betadine scrub is a good choice). Apply a topical antibiotic ointment, such as triple antibiotic ointment and bandage the burned area. The bandage should be removed daily so the wound can be cleansed and fresh antibiotic ointment applied. Then redress and bandage the wound.

Chemical Burns
If the burns are caused by acid, alkali, gasoline, or other corrosive chemicals, or even if they come in contact with the skin, immediately flush the area with large quantities of water for at least 10 minutes. Wear rubber gloves and bathe the dog with mild soap and water. Blot the area dry. If you note any redness or blistering, call your vet for further instructions.